Grapes are one of the most popular table fruits and since earlier times they are considered as the “Queen of fruits”. The origin of these tiny berries is in Europe and the Mediterranean. Grapes contain various phytonutrients which are responsible for promoting health such as vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Grapes are included in the diet majorly because of their health benefits and their taste.

They are small round berries which grow in clusters on the deciduous woody vine of grape plant, scientifically called Vitis. They are cultivated widely all around the world under supervised vineyards and orchards. Structure-wise, each berry of the grape has a semi-translucent flesh under a smooth thin skin. Various polyphenolics present in grapes are responsible for the colour of the fruit. The pigments responsible for the color of red grapes is anthocyanin whereas white and green grapes mostly contain tannins specifically catechin. All of these are antioxidant compounds and are densely concentrated in the seeds and the skin of the berries. The three major variants of grapes that are grown around the world are; North American ( Vitis rotundifolia and Vitis labrusca),  European (Vitis vinifera) and French hybrids.

Some Basic Facts About Grapes:

• Scientific Name: Vitis vinifera
• Family: Vitaceae
• Common Name: Angoor, Grapes
• Native Region: European grapevine is native to the Mediterranean and Central Asia. In India, a few varieties of grapes are grown in some places in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Maharashtra.
• Some Interesting Facts About Grapes:
  Some of the popular green varieties of grapes include Thompson seedless, Calmeria and sugar one.
  Red variants include cardinal, flame seedless, red globe and emperor.
  Some of the popular blue-black cultivars are Concord and Zinfandel.
  Commercially, different cultivars of grapes are grown keeping in mind their various purposes like wine production or for eating it as a table fruit, fresh or dried (currant,  sultana, raisin)

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