High Blood Pressure

Summary

High blood pressure, also known as Hypertension, means that the blood pressure in the body has reached unhealthy levels. Blood pressure is the force that the blood exerts on the walls of blood vessels (arteries) and the extent of resistance that the blood receives when the heart pumps. Long-time increased blood pressure can lead to heart-related (cardiovascular) health problems.
Hypertension can be broadly divided into two main types-  primary or essential hypertension and secondary hypertension. Mild high blood pressure may be without any symptoms (asymptomatic), hence, people with a mild increase in blood pressure can remain unaware of their condition. However, in people with severe hypertension, there can be alarming symptoms such as a headache. High blood pressure could be a result of some underlying or associated health problem. However, at times, the cause of high blood pressure could remain unknown. Management of hypertension mainly includes restriction of salt in the diet, physical exercise, and taking medicines to regulate blood pressure. If there is a delay in detecting high blood pressure and starting treatment, there may be serious complications such as heart attack (acute myocardial infarction) and eye problems (retinopathy). Outcome mostly depends on the underlying cause and the treatment received. The outcome of hypertension is affected in people with diabetes. Management of high blood pressure requires a lifelong commitment to bringing changes in lifestyle and taking medications throughout life. As such, it could be difficult for people with high blood pressure to stick to their medications. This is the reason why a timely visit to clinics with regular checkups and doctor’s counseling play a vital role in managing high blood pressure.

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